Unit 6 Lab 1

Computer Abstraction Hierarchy

Lab 1

Abstraction Inside the Computer

In this section, you will learn get an overview of three groups (domains) of levels of abstraction.

Lab 1: Abstraction Inside the Computer

Vocabulary

Click each word to view the definition.

Digital

Digital means information that is represented as ones and zeros.

Analog

Analog means information that is represented by signals that vary continuously (that is, including in-between values).

The Software Domain: Applications

In this section, you'll explore some of the many purposes for which people use software applications.

Lab 1:The Software Domain: Applications

The Software Domain: Programming Languages

In this section, you will consider why there are different programming languages and look at some of the ways that languages differ.

Lab 1:The Software Domain: Programming Languages

The Software Domain: Libraries

In this section, you'll learn that a library is a package of procedures written by other programmers that helps solve a problem

Lab 1:The Software Domain: Libraries

Vocabulary

Click each word to view the definition.

Software Library

A software library is a package of procedures that you can import into your program. A library is a kind of abstraction: you don't have to know any of the details of how it's coded. You can build libraries yourself, or you can use one that someone else wrote.

The Software Domain: Operating Systems

On the first section, you'll learn about the software that directly manages the computer's hardware, the operating system.

Lab 1:The Software Domain: Operating Systems

The Digital Domain: Architecture

In this section, we shift from software to hardware, starting with the architecture, which is essentially the hardware as it looks to the software.

Lab 1:The Digital Domain: Architecture

Vocabulary

Click each word to view the definition.

Machine Language

Machine language is the lowest-level programming language; it is directly understood by the computer hardware.

Architecture

Architecture is an abstraction, a specification of the machine language. It also tells how the processor connects to the memory. It doesn't specify the circuitry; the same architecture can be built as circuitry in many different ways.

The Digital Domain: Components

In this section, you'll explore the parts (components) of the computer hardware.

Lab 1:The Digital Domain: Components

The Digital Domain: Integrated Circuits

In this section, you'll learn about the physical electronic devices inside the computer: integrated circuits.

Lab 1:The Digital Domain: Integrated Circuits

Vocabulary

Click each word to view the definition.

Integrated Circuit (IC)

An integrated circuit ("IC" or "chip") is a single physical device that contains millions or billions of basic electrical parts. A processor is an IC, but not all processors are IC; there are also special-purpose chips inside a computer.


The Digital Domain: Logic Gates

In this section, you review three Boolean operators (and, or, and not) and learn how they relate to electronic circuitry.

Lab 1:The Digital Domain: Logic Gates

The Analog Domain: Transistors

In this section, you'll learn about the transistors that implement logic gates.

Lab 1:The Analog Domain: Transistors